What is IP Address Spoofing?
Spoofing of IP addresses refers to a computer hacking technique that sends IP packets using an IP source not assigned to the device that receives them. Hackers use this strategy primarily to conduct man-in-the-middle ( MITM) attacks and distributed denial-of – service (DDoS) attacks on targeted computers or surrounding infrastructures.
Might allow hackers to use spoofed IP addresses to:
Preventing targeted apps from sending warnings about attacks in which participants are unaware and unwilling
Stop identification and intervention by both authorities and forensic cyber investigators
Bypass authentication scripts, applications and tools that seek to mitigate DDoS attacks by blacklisting IP addresses that are considered to be malicious traffic sources.
Types of Attacks carried out through IP Spoofing
Spoofing of the IP can cause the following attacks:
Denial-of – Service Attack
In a DoS attack , hackers focus on bandwidth and resources consumption by flooding the target host machine with as many packets as possible within a short period of time. Hackers spoof source IP addresses to make monitoring and preventing DDoS attempts more difficult. The attacker scans the internet, detects the hosts with known vulnerabilities, compromises them to install the attack program and ultimately exploits the vulnerabilities to gain access to root.
Man-in-the-Middle-Attack
The hacker interrupts the packets sent by the systems when two machines communicate with each other, and changes the packets with the sending and receiving machines just not aware that their communication has been altered.
Blind Spoofing
Attackers are transmitting multiple packets to their intended target to receive a series of numbers that are usually used to assemble packets in the order they intend to read the packets in. In a blind spoofing attack , hackers are totally unaware of how the transmissions occur on this network, and therefore need to manipulate the computer to respond to their requests, enabling them to inspect the sequence numbers. Now, when the link was first created, the attackers will be able to inject data into the packet stream without authenticating themselves.
Non-Blind Spoofing
This type of attack happens when the hacker is on the same subnet as the target which can see every single packet’s sequence and acknowledgment. This form of spoofing attack is session hijacking, and any authentication steps taken to build the link will be bypassed by an attacker. It is achieved by corrupting an existing connection’s DataStream, followed by resetting it with the attack host machine based on the correct sequence and acknowledgement numbers.
How to Prevent IP Spoofing?
Organizations should implement steps to avoid the infiltration of spoofed packets into their networks including:
- Usage of a blocker to attack the network.
- Use robust authentication methods on all remote access, including systems on the business intranet, to avoid spoofed packets from being accepted by an intruder who has already infringed another system on the enterprise network.
- Email addresses of inbound IP packets are authenticated.
- Networks monitoring for atypical activity.
- Deploying packet filtering systems capable of detecting discrepancies, such as outgoing packets with source IP addresses which do not match those on the company network.
Firewalls play a crucial role in blocking IP packets with spoofed addresses, and configuring all company routers with the ability to reject spoofed addressed packets is important. Some of the underlying considerations include:
- Blocking traffic which emerges from within the company but which spooots an external address as the source IP address; this prevents spoofing attacks against other external networks from being initiated from within the company.
- Setting up firewalls and routers to deny packets with private IP addresses originating outside the company’s perimeter.
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